Braking mechanism



Aug. 18, 1931. J. H, OLSON 1,819,788

BRAKING MECHANISM T/NVEY Aug. 18, 1931.I J. H. oLsoN 1,819,788

BRAKING MECHANISM Filed Oct. 22. 1927 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 Arma/vir Aug- 18 1931- J. H; oLsoN 1,819,788

BRAKING MEGHANISM Filed Oct. 22. 1927 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 g* K |1 l l/vl/E/vo JOHAN H. OLSON TTR/VEY Aug; 18, 1931. J. H. OLSON BRAKINCT MECHANISM a sheets-sheet 4 Filed OCL. 22, 1927 A Umm/Ey Aug-18, 1931.

J. H. O LSON BRAKING` MEGHANISM Filed Oct. 22. 1927 6 SheetS-She'et 5 Aug 18 1.931 J. H. oLsoN 1,819,8788

BRAKING MECHANISM Filed Oct. 22, 1927 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 /fvl//vron JOHAN H. OLSON WWB/vir Patented Aug. 18, 1931 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE :if JOHAN HJ'ALMAR OLSON, 0F LARCHMONT, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR T0 M. H. TEADWELL l COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW `YORK v BEARING MneHANisM Application iled October 22, 1927. vSerial No. 227,943.

This invention relates to a braking mechanism for cars having a plurality of trucks, such as hot metal dumping cars, whereby when the means normally operated to simultaneously apply the brakes of all the trucks proves insulficient, additional means can be operated to apply them, regardless of the operative condition' of the first means.

The invention is primarily intended for large capacity het metal cars, which may weigh when empty up to 125 tous, and which may in addition carry 125 to 175 tons of hot metal. Such cars have to be generally oonstructed according to M. C. B. standards, and I. C. C. regulations, because used in intrastate or interstate transportation on` common carriers. Such large cars and Weights therefore require special braking facilities not required ordinarily. Tlieusual arrangement is to operate the brakes from' one end of the car by suitable air brake mechanism and to provide hand mechanism, also at this end, to set the brakes if it is not desired to employ the airpressure mechanism. If the brake shoes have become Worn, the air brake piston may move to the end of its stroke without suilic'iently lsetting' the brakes to stop the car as soon as desired." vWhen this loccu'rs,vthe hand brake attached to the saine system of levers as the air brake mechanism may not be able to 'further apply the brakes. vHeretofore to remedy this defect itohas been necessary to readjust the brake rigging or readjust or renew the brake shoes. Y

In accordance with the present invention, I have developed a system of levers associated with the braking elements of the several trucks vof a car, and with independent brake mechanism may be ineffective, an independent manual operating means can be moved while the car is in motion to further apply the brakes regardless of the operative position or condition of the air brake mechanism and its associated hand operated apparatus.l v

"I shall illustrate the invention in connection with its application to a hot metal 50 dumping car having two trucks each of operative means, `so that although the airY which is provided with braking elements suspended lfrom the respective trucks. My

`the other ends of the levers are connected together by' a pull rod which extends longitudinally between the two trucks.l The fulcrum of one floating lever` is connected to the air brake and usual hand brake at one point on the car, while the fulcrum ofthe other floating lever is connected to a second .hand brake at another point on the car.

Stop mechanisms are provided so thatv in their normal position the fulcra of the floatinglevers can only be moved in one direc-` tion, preferably in opposite directions with respect to `each other. 'Y

When the fulcrum of one lloating lever is ymoved by its associated air or hand control it not only Yapplies the brakes on its own truck, but also exerts` a pull on the pull rod, causing theffleating lever on the second truck to pivot about its fulcrum in a direction to apply the brakes which are connected tosaid lever without, however, displacing said ful'-A crum. After all the brakes have beenapplied by thus'moving the fulorum ofy the first lever, they can be further applied by moving the fulcrum of the second lever by operating'the air or hand control which is connected thereto. This movement not only results in further applying the brakes con-` nected to the second lever, but also causes thepull rod to pivotthe iirstlever about its fulcruni so as to further apply the brakes on the first truck.

Since the two trucks of the car are independent, they will turn at an angle to each other when the car swings around a curve.

vThe centers of the two trucks, however, will always remain the same distance apart, although the distance between any other given points on the trucks will vary according tov Athe particular curve which is being negoti-.

pull rod which connects the floating levers in a manner to apply the brakes. The floating levers need not be located in the exact centers of the respective trucks, since a slight tension on the pull rod while negotiating a curve will do no harm so long as the tension is insufficient under any condition to set the brakes.

In the preferred form of the invention the length of the pull rod is somewhat great-l er than the normal distance between the fulcra of the floating levers. This gives a greater leverage between the floating levers and the pull rod, and facilitates operation of the brakes even when the brake shoes are worn down considerably.

A preferred form of the invention is illustrated in the drawings of which,

Fig. 1 is a side elevation, partly in section, of a hot metal dumpingl car of the type to which my invention is applied;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged partial elevation with portions broken away and in sect-ion showing the braking mechanism;

Fig. 3 is a plan view of the apparatus shown in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is an enlarged plan View of one truck of the car with certain portions in section showing the braking mechanism;

Fig. 5 is a vertical longitudinal section taken on the line 5 5 of Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is an end view of the apparatus as viewed from the right in Fig. 5; f

Fig. 7 is a vertical transverse section taken on the line 7-7 of Fig. 5;

Fig. 8 is a partial plan view with a portion in section illustrating a stop device for one of the operating levers;

Fig. 9 is a side elevation partly in section of the mechanism shown in Fig. 8;

Fig. 10 is a diagrammatic perspective view of the system of levers constituting the braking mechanism.

The apparat-us described is applied to a hot metal dumping car of the type generally disclosed and described in U. S. Patent 1,489,688,1ip1-i1 8, i924, C. P. Asa-0m.` This car comprises a hot metal dumping body 10, having elongated end truimions 11 and 12` supported in bearings which are part of truck platforms 15a-nd 16 and in trunnion pedestals 13 and 14 mounted on truck platforms 15 and 16. These bearings and pedestals are rotatably7 supported in any desired manner on bolsters 17 and 18.

This car isV ordinarily adapted to be braked by an air brake apparatus comprising a brake cylinder 19. having a piston 20, connected to a lever 21, connected to a vertical shaft 22 extending downwards through the truck platform 16. A chain 23 is connected to the ena of lever 21 and is adapted to be wrapped arounda vertical shaft 24 mounted in a stand on tru i.: frame 16. This shaft is provided with a worm gear 25, operated by a worm 26 on shaft 27; one end of which carries gear 28 meshing with gear 29 on shaft 307 the other end of which is provided with a hand wheel 31. The shaft 27 provided with a ratchet gear 27a and a pawl 27() to prevent rotation of the shaft in one direction. The operation of the hand wheel 31 will; through the chain 23, operate the lever 21 when desired. This lever 21 is; as will hereinafter be described; connected to the system of levers forming part of the braking mechanism. Therefore, at one end of the car the brakes may be set either by air mechanism or by hand.

The brake cylinder is attached to truck plat-form 1G and supplied with air through pipe 32. triple valve 33 from a reservoir 34 which through the triple valve and pipe 35 is connected to the train line 36 leading to the control valve in the engineers cab, or any other suitable location. The air brake system, as shown in Fig. 4, connects tol a train line 36 ano in this line are located flexible connections 37 supported from the end of the truck platforms 15 and 16 by means of brackets 38, see Figs. 4 and 5. This will permit considerable relative movement between the trucks and the cars without damaging the air line.

The lever 21 is connected to the shaft 22, the lower end of which supports an arm 39,

connected to a bar 40; the other end of which is connected to an intermediate portion of a horizontal floating lever 41 which is preferably located at the center of the truck. One end of this floating lever is connected to a pull rod 42 extending forwardly to the other truck and connected to a braking mechanism to be -hereinafter described. The other end of the floating lever 41 is connected to a link 437 connected to the lower end of a rocking arm 44, pivoted on the brake beam 45, and the other end of the rocker arm 44 is connected toa strut 46; the other end of w iich is provided with a plurality of holes 47, whereby it may be adjustably connected to another rocher arm 48 pivoted to the brake beam 49. The other end of the rocker arm 48 is connected to a link 50 which in turn is connected to the lower end of a dead end post 51, fixed to or part of truck bolster 18.

The pnll rod 42, above mentioned, at its other end beneath the truck bolster 17 is connected to one end-of a second horizontal floating lever 53 which in turn is connected at its other end to link 54 connected to rocker arm 55, pivotally mounted on brake beam 56. The floating lever 53 is preferably located at the center of its truck, as shown. in Figs. 2 and 3. A strut 57 connects rocker arm 55 and adjustable with another rocker arm 58, pivotally mounted on the brake beam 59. The lower end of rocker arm 58 is connected to a link 60 connected to the lower end of a dead end post 61,flxed to or vshaft 71 carrying` a gear 72.

spring' 79 and cannot move further tow part of truckV bolster 17. An intermediate portion of the tloating` lever 53 is connected to a rod 63, the other end ol which is connected to an armA 64 fastened to the lower end of a shaft 65 anchored in bracket 7 8, the upper end of shaft 65 supporting a lever 66, to the outer end of which chain 67 is connected. This chain extends to and is adapted to be Wrapped around'a vertical shaft 68, `the upper end of which carries a Worm gear 69, meshing With a Worm 70 on The gear 72 meshes With pinion mounted on shaft 74 carrying a hand Wheel-7 5. The sha-tt 71 at its other end is provided with a gear ratchet 76 and pawl 77 to prevent rotation the shaft in one direction. The operation ot hand Wheel 75 Will pull on chain 67 and exert a pull on the floating lever 53 Which will eect a braking'action to be hereinafter described. y i

Referringto Figs. 8 and 9, it will be seen thatthe normal position oi the lever 66 is against a stop on bracket 78, 'fastened to a portionjof the frame of truck bolster 17 and is held in this normal position by a the truck because ol this stop action. Consequently the floating-lever 53 cannot have" any `further movement as a Whole to the ri 'ht asviewedin FiO. 3 lshown herein in 7 b fullV line, but can be moved as a Whole to `the left When the hand Wheel is operated.

It is also to be noted that when the air brake mechanism is in the normal position shown in Fig. 3 no further movement as a Whole` to the left is possible for the floating lever 41, although it can be moved as a Whole to the right by the` action eitherof the air trame 84 of the truck.. The brake beams( 45, 49, 56 and 59 are similarly anchored. to the truck side framesand the manner ot' supporting one of them will be described and suiiiee for the description of Vthe support of all of them and with particular reference to Figs. 4, 5 and 7. For instance, the ends of brake beam 49 are provided with brzlre shoes 85 and 86 fastened thereto. ll shaped stirrups 87 and 88 'are inserted in the brake heads and are provided with outwardly extending end portions which are pivotally mounted in blocks 89 and 90, supported from the side 'frames 84 of the-truck, as vvell as in. the end plates 91 and 92, extendiner outwardly from the blocks 89 kand 90. Tb U shaped stil-rups provide a pivoter. swim, ing support for the brake shoes and l eams Which Will permit them to be moved horizontally as shown lin Fig..4. This same construction applies to all the brake beams and need not be repeatedtor the others.

In the normal action oi' the apparatus, the brakes are` applied by the operation of the air system to ktorce the piston 20 to the right, moving the lever l21, shaft 22 and arm 39. This moves rod 40 to the right and transfers the fulcrum of floating lever 41 to th right, for instance, to the position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 4 and in the diagram in Fig. 10. Through linl 43, rocker arm 44, strut 46, rocker arm 48 and link 59the'bralre beams 45and 49 are actuated. Atthe same time, pull rod 42 is moved to the right and exerts a pull on floating lever 53, turning it around its 'ulcrum and consequently moving link 54, rocker` arm 55, strut 57, rocker arm 58 jand'linl 60 so that the brake beams .56 and 59 are actuated. t is noted at this oint that When the ulcrum of the loatino lever 41 is moved tothe right, the floating lever 53 only has a pivotal movement be cause the lever 66 is prevented fromv any urther right-hand movement by reason lof the stop on bracket 78. Tf when theair brake mechanism 1Isin the position shown anism they happen'to be not fully applieddue-to having been Worn aivay. Therefore, as .tar as this 'end ot the car is concerned,l the brakes cannot be more effectively applied. However, by exertingf a pull on chain67 at the other end of the car, the lever 66 can be moved tothe left and through the system 01"' levers and rods connected thereto, Will move the tulerum of floatingv lever 53 to the left. thus applying additional Vpressure to brake beams 56and 59 and through the pull rod 42 causinga pivotal movement of the floating lever 41, whereby additional pre:- sure is applied to the brake beams 45 and Sli' loo

49. Consequently by providingthe two i lioatinoj levers with theirassociated system of linkages connected to the brakine elements and tothe operating elements, in the manner shown, l am enabled While the car is in motion `.to 'further apply the brakes even though one operating element vhas been set to its limit.

Tt Will be seen from the above description that there are horizontal as Well-as 44. Consequently, when the two trucks turn 1n negotiating a curve, the pull rod l2 will swing on its horizontal pivots and freely accommodate itseli' to this movement of the.

trucks, but since the iloating levers tl and 53 are located in the horizontal centers oi the respective trucks the brakes will never tighten but on the contrary will ease slightly when rounding a curve.

Then l say that the floating levers 4l and 53 are located at the center or the respective trucks, l mean the approximate centers of said trucks. @i course, since the fulcra of these levers are movable, and since the levers are also adapted to pivot about their ulcra, no given point on either lever will always remain in the exact center of its truck. The central areas of the two trucks, however, will always remain sub-V stantially the same distance apart no matter how the trucks may turn in rounding a curve.

I claim:

l. A braking mechanism comprising a pair of floating levers of the first class, operating means connected to the 'ulcra of said levers, means for preventing the movement of the tulcra in given direction and a pull rod connected between corresponding ends of said levers, said pull rod having a. length greater than the distance between the lulcra.

2. A braking mechanism comp-rising a pair of floating levers of the lirst class, operating means connected to the iulcra of said levers, means for preventing the movement of the fulcra in given direction and a pull rod connected between corresponding ends of said levers, said pull rod having a length greater than the distance between the fulcra and braking elements connected to the opposite ends of said levers.

3. A braking mechanism comprising a pair of Heating levers ornv the first class, braking elements connected to corresponding ends of said levers, a pull rod connected to the opposite ends of said leve-rs and having a length greater than the distance between the ulcra of said. levers, operating mechanism connected to the ulcra of said levers and adapted to move said ulcra away from each other and means for preventing the movement of the fulcra toward each other `from given normal positions thereof.

4. A braking mechanism for cars comprising a system ot levers, brake beams from which said system is pivotally snspended, pivotal means to suspend the beams from the trucks, said system comprising a pair of horizontal floating levers, a pull rod connecting said floating levers, and a flexible pivoted means connected to the truck and supporting said pull rod.

5. A braking mechanism comprising a plurality of horizontal ioating levers, a

separate operating member fulcrumed to an intermediate portion of each lever, a brak-V ing element connected to one end of each lever, a rod pivoted to and connecting the other ends of said levers, means for independently shifting the fulcrum of each lever in one direction to actuate its associated braking element and said connecting rod, and means for limiting themovement of the fulcra in the opposite direction to permit the levers to be pivoted in response to the actuation of said connecting rod.

6. A braking mechanism comprising a pair of horizontal ioating levers, separate operating members fulcrumed to an intermediate portion of each lever, separate braking elements 4connected to one end of each lever, independent means connected to each of said operating members for shifting the fulcrum of its associated lever to actuate the braking` element controlled thereby, and means responsive to such movement of one lever to pivot the other lever upon its tulcrum to actuate its associated braking element. l y

7. A braking mechanism for cars comprising a pair of horizontal floating levers, an actuating rod fulcrumed to an intermediate portion of one lever, a second actuating rod fulcrumed to an intermediate portion of the other lever, a braking elementl connected to one end of one lever, a second braking element connected to the corresponding end of the other lever, a pull rod pivotally connecting the other ends of said levers, means for moving one of said actuating rods to shift the fulcrum of the associated lever and thereby actuate the associated braking element and said pull rod, means `for preventing the fulcrum of the second lever from shifting in response to the actuation ot said pull rod thereby permitting said lever to pivot on its fulcrum to actuate its associated braking element, and means for independently shifting the ulcrum of said second lever in a direction to further actuate its associated braking element and said pull rod and thereby cause said first lever to pivot on its ulcrum to further actuate its associated braking element.

S. A braking mechanism comprising a pair of' horizontal floating levers, brakes connected to one end of each lever, means for independently moving the fulcra of the respective levers into limiting position to set the brakes connected thereto, and means responsive to such movement of either lever to pivot the other lever about its tule-rum to further apply the brakes connected thereto.

9. A breaking mechanism comprising a pair of horizontal floating levers each being fulcrumed intermediate the ends thereof, brakes connected to one end' of each lever, means for moving the ulcrum or" one lever to pivot the second lever about its fulcrum gli'.

in a direction to set the brakes connected thereto, means for moving the nlcrum of the second lever in the opposite direction to set the brakes connected thereto independently ot its previous operative condition, and means responsive to such movement of the second lever to pivot the lirst lever about its iiulcrum toset the brakes connected thereto independently of its previous operative condition. y l

l0. A braking` mechanism comprising Va pair of horizontal floating levers, brakes connected to one end of each lever, operating members connected te the ulcra of said levers, means connected to each of said operating members to move the fulcra of the respective levers in a direction to set the brakes connected thereto, and means responsive to such movement of either lever to pivot the other lever about its ulcrnm in a direction to further apply the brakes connected thereto.

11. A braking mechanism comprising a pair oic horizontal floating levers, operating members connected to the tulcra of said levers, brakes connected to one end ot each lever, means connecting the other ends of said levers and responsive to the movement of the fnlcrnm or" either lever to pivot the other lever about its tnlcrum, air brake mechanisms connected to one of said operating members, and hand brake mechanisms connected to each of said operating members.

12. A brakinmechanism comprising a pair of horizontal 'floating levers, brakes connected to one end ot each lever, operating members connected to the r'ulcra of said levers, independent hand and air operated mechanisms connected to one of said operating members to move the 'fulcrum of the associated lever in a direction to set the brakes connected thereto, means connected to the second operating member to move the fulcrum of the second lever in a direction to set the brakes connected thereto, and means responsive to such movement of either lever to pivot the other lever about its ulcrum in a direction to applyA the brakes connected thereto regardless of their previous operative condition.

13. rllhe combination with a car having separate trucks, of a braking mechanism including a horizontal iioating lever carried by each truck, brakes connected to one end o1" each lever, means for independently moving` the iulcra o? the respective levers to actuate the brakes connected thereto, and

means responsive to such movement of either lever to pivot the other lever upon its fullA crum to actnate the brakes connected thereto` lll. The combination with a car having separate trucks, of a braking mechanism including a horizontal floating lever carried v`by each truck, brakesl connected to one end 'of each lever, means for independently moving the fulcra of the respectiveVV levers into limiting position to set the brakesconnected v i.

located at the center of the other truck,

brakes connected to one end of each lever, means for independently moving the 'ulcra of the respective levers to apply the brakes connected thereto, and a pull rod pivoted horizontally tothe-other ends of said levers and responsive to the aforesaid movement of either lever to pivot-the other lever upon its fulcrum. 16. The combination With a car having separate trucks, of a braking mechanism comprising a horizontal floating lever located at the center of one truck, a second horizontal :floating lever located at the center of the other truck, brakes connected to one end of each lever, a pull rod pivoted to andconnecting the other endsof said levers, means for independently shi fting the fn crum of each lever in.` onedirection to actuate its associated brakes and said lpull rod, and means for limiting the movement oi' the :tulcra inthe opposite Ldirectionto permit the levers to be pivoted'in response to the actuation of said connecting rod.

1 7. The combination With a car having separate trucks, of a brakingmechanism comprising` a horizontal Heating lever located at the center of one truck, a seco-nd horizontal iioatin g lever located at the center of the other truck, brakes .connected to corresponding ends of each lever, means for independently moving the fulcra of the respective levers to apply the brakes connected thereto, and a 4pull rod pivotedtoI and connecting the other ends of said levers, said pull rod having` a length greater than the distance between the ulcra of vsaid levers.

18. The combination with a car having separate trucks, of a braking mechanism comprising a horizontal floatingv lever located at the horizontal center of one truck, a second horizontal floating lever located at the horizontal center of the other truck, an actuating rod fulcrumed to an intermediate portion of one lever, a second actuating rod ulcrumed to an intermediate portion of the other lever,a braking elementfconnected to one end of one lever, a second braking element connected to the corresponding enel ot the other end, a pull rod pivotally connecting the other ends of said levers, means Jfor moving one ot sa i actuating rods to shift the ulcrum of the associated lever and thereby actuatethe associa-ted braking element and said pull rod, means for preventing the fulcrum of the second lever from shifting in response to the actuation of said pull rod thereby permitting said lever to pivot on its ulcrun'i to actuate its associated braking element, and means for independently shifting the fulcrum of said second lever' in a direction to further actuate its associated braking element and said pull rod and thereby cause said first lever tov pivot on its fulcrum to further actuate its associated braking element.

19. The combination in a hot metal car of a. horizontal hot metal dumping body having an enlarged intermediate vertical cross-section and elongated end trunnions, trucks at'each end of the car having bearings supporting said trunnions, a braking mechanism con'iprising a pair of loating levers located at the centers of the respective truc-ks, brakes connected to one end of each lever, means at each end of the car for independently moving the ulcra of the respective levers to apply the brakes connected thereto, and a pull rod pivoted to and connecting the other ends of said levers and responsive to the aforesaid movement of either lever to pivot the other lever upon its fulcruni.

Signed at New York, inthe county of New York, and State of New York, this 21st day of October, A. D. 1927.

JOHAN HJALMAR OLSON. 

